Country Profile · 2025
China's Supply and Marketing Cooperatives
The All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives (ACFSMC) is a nationwide cooperative economic system serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It blends public, policy-oriented functions with market-based business run through affiliated enterprises, and operates on a “dual-line” model — a federation line for industry guidance and a business line of cooperative-owned enterprises.
Organisational Structure
Five federation tiers + grassroots cooperatives
Governance of ACFSMC
Three lines: office · enterprise · associations
- Strategy & planning
- Cooperative guidance
- Education
- Financial services
- International cooperation and others
Sets policy, coordinates the system and oversees cooperative-owned assets — the “federation line.”
- Sinoagri (agricultural inputs)
- Cotton
- Cereals & oil
- Cold-chain logistics
- E-commerce
- Agricultural produce
- Supermarkets
The market-facing business holding arm — the “enterprise line.”
- R&D institutes: fruits, tea, botanical, mushroom, seed
- Sectoral associations: cotton, agricultural inputs, tea, fruits, mushroom, resource recycling
Provide research, standards and industry organisation.
Business & Services · 2025
Six business and service areas
Socialised agricultural services — land trusteeship, plant protection, machinery, drying and more — connecting smallholders to modern agriculture.
Drying, storage, grading and primary processing that raise the value and quality of farm output.
Public-type cold-chain and logistics that reduce losses and keep supply stable.
Wholesale markets form the middle layer of circulation — bulk trade, regional distribution and supply–demand matching.
Supermarket chains, convenience stores, experience stores with livestreaming, and e-commerce reach end consumers.
Imports and exports of agricultural inputs and products, linking the system to global markets.
Economic Highlights · 2025
Scale and capability
Socialised Agricultural Services
Farmland-management “9+N” services
Contract-based farmland-management services reconcile fragmented landholdings with economies of scale (delivered by Sinoagri and other service providers).
- Comprehensive soil testing
- Tailored fertiliser formulation
- Guidance on seed selection
- Integrated plant-protection services
- Professional agricultural machinery
- Agricultural-film management
- Agricultural fuel / input supply-chain solutions
- Field-management services
- Cloud-based service platforms
Circulation System
Logistics → Wholesale → Retail
Logistics and cold-chain capacity determine whether agricultural services can reach downstream markets reliably.
Not isolated venues but the middle layer of circulation — supporting bulk transactions, regional distribution and supply–demand matching, linking logistics to retail.
Supermarket chains, convenience stores, experience stores + livestreaming and e-commerce turn upstream service and circulation capacity into direct market reach.
International Cooperation
Four pillars
Collaboration with international cooperative organisations under strategic cooperation frameworks.
Exhibitions, forums and business matchmaking focused on bilateral trade growth.
Regular participation in International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) events and global cooperative affairs.
International training in management, poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
- 30+ MOUs with international cooperative apex bodies (including OCB)
- Kazakhstan — Central Asia cooperation case (Sept 2024)
- ASEAN Cooperative Organization — regional platform case (May 2025)
Compiled from publicly available briefing materials; figures reflect the 2025 system overview and are for reference only. For authoritative information, please refer to the official website and media of the ACFSMC (chinacoop.gov.cn).