Domestic Substitution by Shandong's Swan Cotton Machinery
Actors involved
Shandong Supply and Marketing Cooperative; Swan Cotton Machinery (a listed federation-owned enterprise)
Problem addressed
High-end cotton pickers had long been monopolised by developed countries
Role of the cooperatives
Used a federation-owned listed company to drive R&D and manufacturing of farm machinery
Service / business model
Achieved domestic substitution for high-end cotton pickers
Strength of cooperative principles
Weak: a federation-owned listed company
Replicability
Low: high technical barriers
International comparative note
High-end equipment manufacturing within a cooperative system — a rare case