Country Profile · 2025
China's Supply and Marketing Cooperatives
The All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives (ACFSMC) is a nationwide cooperative economic system serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It blends public, policy-oriented functions with market-based business run through affiliated enterprises, and operates on a “dual-line” model — a federation line for industry guidance and a business line of cooperative-owned enterprises.
Organizational System
Five federation tiers + grassroots cooperatives
Governance of ACFSMC
Three lines: office · enterprise · associations
- Strategy & planning
- Cooperative guidance
- Education
- Financial Services
- International cooperation, and others
Sets policy, coordinates the system and oversees cooperative-owned assets — the “federation line.”
- Sinoagri (agricultural inputs)
- Cotton
- Cereals & oil
- Cold-chain logistics
- E-commerce
- Agricultural produce
- Supermarkets
The market-facing business holding arm — the “enterprise line.”
- R&D institutes: fruits, tea, botanical, mushroom, seed
- Sectoral associations: cotton, agricultural inputs, tea, fruits, mushroom, resource recycling
Provide research, standards and industry organization.
Business & Services · 2025
Six business and service areas
Socialized agricultural services — land trusteeship, plant protection, machinery, drying and more — connecting smallholders to modern agriculture.
Drying, storage, grading and primary processing that raise the value and quality of farm output.
Public-type cold-chain and logistics that reduce losses and keep supply stable.
Wholesale markets form the middle layer of circulation — bulk trade, regional distribution and supply–demand matching.
Supermarket chains, convenience stores, experience stores with livestreaming, and e-commerce reach end consumers.
Imports and exports of agricultural inputs and products, linking the system to global markets.
Economic Highlights · 2025
Scale and capability
Socialized Agricultural Services
Farmland-management “9+N” services
Contract-based farmland-management services resolve the conflict between scattered farmland ownership and scale economy (delivered by Sinoagri and other service providers).
- Comprehensive soil testing
- Smart fertilizer-formula customization
- Scientific seed-selection guidance
- Integrated plant-protection services
- Professional agricultural machinery
- Agricultural-film management
- Agricultural fuel / input supply-chain solutions
- Field-management services
- Cloud-based service platforms
Circulation System
Logistics → Wholesale → Retail
Logistics and cold-chain capacity determine whether agricultural services can reach downstream markets reliably.
Not isolated venues but the middle layer of circulation — supporting bulk transactions, regional distribution and supply–demand matching, linking logistics to retail.
Supermarket chains, convenience stores, experience stores + livestreaming and e-commerce turn upstream service and circulation capacity into direct market reach.
International Cooperation
Four pillars
Active collaboration with international cooperative organizations and strategic cooperation frameworks.
Exhibitions, forums and business match-making focused on bilateral trade growth.
Active in International Co-operative Alliance (ICA) events, expanding worldwide impact.
International training in management, poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
- 30+ MOUs with international cooperative apex bodies (including OCB)
- Kazakhstan — Central Asia cooperation case (Sept 2024)
- ASEAN Cooperative Organization — regional platform case (May 2025)
Compiled from publicly available briefing materials; figures reflect the 2025 system overview and are for reference only. For authoritative information, please refer to the official website and media of the ACFSMC (chinacoop.gov.cn).